The Dada movement's principles were first collected in Hugo Ball's Dada Manifesto in 1916. Works such as Ubu Roi (1896) by Alfred Jarry and the ballet Parade (1916–17) by Erik Satie would also be characterized as proto-Dadaist works. The work of French poets, Italian Futurists and the German Expressionists would influence Dada's rejection of the tight correlation between words and meaning. Cubism and the development of collage and abstract art would inform the movement's detachment from the constraints of reality and convention. The term anti-art, a precursor to Dada, was coined by Marcel Duchamp around 1913 to characterize works that challenge accepted definitions of art. Still others speculate that the word might have been chosen to evoke a similar meaning (or no meaning at all) in any language, reflecting the movement's internationalism.The roots of Dada lie in pre-war avant-garde. Others note that it suggests the first words of a child, evoking a childishness and absurdity that appealed to the group. on 6 February 1916, in the Café de la Terrasse in Zürich. Jean Arp wrote that Tristan Tzara invented the word at 6 p.m.
Dadaist artists expressed their discontent toward violence, war, and nationalism, and maintained political affinities with radical left-wing and far-left politics.There is no consensus on the origin of the movement's name a common story is that the German artist Richard Huelsenbeck slid a paper knife (letter-opener) at random into a dictionary, where it landed on "dada", a colloquial French term for a hobby horse. The art of the movement spanned visual, literary, and sound media, including collage, sound poetry, cut-up writing, and sculpture. the mid 1920s.ĭeveloped in reaction to World War I, the Dada movement consisted of artists who rejected the logic, reason, and aestheticism of modern capitalist society, instead expressing nonsense, irrationality, and anti-bourgeois protest in their works. 1915, and after 1920 Dada flourished in Paris. Lang: en Dada () or Dadaism was an art movement of the European avant-garde in the early 20th century, with early centres in Zürich, Switzerland, at the Cabaret Voltaire (c. Amin later fled to exile in Libya and Saudi Arabia, where he died on 16 August 2003.ĭescription above from the Wikipedia article Idi Amin, licensed under CC-BY-SA,full list of contributors on Wikipedia.Source: Description. Dissent within Uganda and Amin's attempt to annex the Kagera province of Tanzania in 1978 led to the Uganda–Tanzania War and the demise of his regime. From 1977 to 1979, Amin titled himself as "His Excellency, President for Life, Field Marshal Al Hadji Doctor Idi Amin Dada, VC, DSO, MC, Conqueror of the British Empire in Africa in General and Uganda in Particular". During the 1977–1979 period, Uganda was appointed to the United Nations Commission on Human Rights. In 1975–1976, Amin became the Chairman of the Organisation of African Unity, a pan-Africanist group designed to promote solidarity of the African states. During his years in power, Amin was backed by Libya's Muammar al-Gaddafi as well as the Soviet Union and East Germany. The number of people killed as a result of his regime is estimated by international observers and human rights groups to range from 100,000 to 500,000. He later promoted himself to Field Marshal while he was the head of state.Īmin's rule was characterized by human rights abuse, political repression, ethnic persecution, extrajudicial killings, nepotism, corruption, and gross economic mismanagement. Amin joined the British colonial regiment, the King's African Rifles, in 1946, and eventually held the rank of Major General and Commander of the Ugandan Army before taking power in the military coup of January 1971, deposing Milton Obote. 1925 – 16 August 2003) was a military leader and President of Uganda from 1971 to 1979.